The Greek civilization in its heyday reached a pinnacle of excellence in architecture and sculpture that has been unrivaled in subsequent cultures. In their search for the ultimate expression of these two pursuits they distilled them down to an essence called "geometry." For instance, their sculpture was not produced by using human models, but rather by the application of what they called the "divine proportion." Thus, the shapes of faces and other body proportions were determined mathematically.
When the "divine proportion" is applied to geometry, two geometric figures are produced, the pentagon and the "golden rectangle." The pentagon was thought to have mystical powers and was used as a secret sign of membership in the exclusive Pythagorean Society. A "golden rectangle" is formed when the "divine proportion" is used as the length and width. Modern applications of this unique rectangle are seen in architecture and art. The United Nations building is one giant "golden rectangle" as is every one of the hundreds of window panes. When this rectangle is divided into a square and rectangle, another "golden rectangle" is produced. When this process is repeated, a vanishing point is reached which is called the focus. This point is the center of attention or interest for a rectangular picture. When the vertices of the squares are connected by a curved line, a spiral is produced that matches that found frequently in nature: the curvature of a seashore, the shape of the human ear, the spiral form of a nautilus shell are examples.
In the 13 th century AD there lived in Pisa an obscure Italian mathematician named, Leonardo Fibonacci. His only claim to fame comes from the discovery of what has been called the "Fibonacci Series." This series of numbers is generated from each number being the sum of the two preceding numbers, ie, 1,2,3,5,8,13,etc. Incredibly, when two successive numbers in the series are used as the length and width of a rectangle, a "golden rectangle" is produced. It is amazing that the Fibonacci numbers are found so extensively in nature. Examples are the spiraling buds on a tree branch, the spiraling scales of a pine cone, the spiraling disc flowers of a sunflower, and that the most pleasing musical intervals are the third(3), the fifth(5), and the octave(8).
It is obvious that numbers and geometric forms are found extensively in nature. This brings us to the conclusion that all of creation must adhere to some mathematical formula in order to be logical and predictable. The creator God must be a master mathematician, the master of beauty and design. From the starry heavens to the structure of the atom, from sea shells to sea shores, nature declares that God created all things by the numbers.
